Choosing the right business structure is a crucial decision for clinical counseling group practices in California. The choice of business entity determines how the clinical counseling group practice is taxed, the extent of personal financial and legal liability protection and personal asset protection available to the licensed professional clinical counselor professionals, and the administrative requirements the licensed professional clinical counselors will need to manage in operating the clinical counseling group practice.

A recent article titled “What are the Business Structure Options for Solo Licensed Professional Clinical Counselors in California?” discussed the business structure options available to solo licensed professional clinical counselors starting a solo clinical counseling practice, however, for two or more licensed professional clinical counselors starting a group clinical counseling practice together in California, there are different options available.

This article provides an overview of the various business structure options available to licensed professional clinical counselors starting a group clinical counseling practice in California, helping licensed professional clinical counselors to make an informed choice that aligns with their professional goals and liability concerns in the most tax efficient format possible.

Executive Summary: Putting the Conclusion First for Busy Licensed Professional Clinical Counselors

Summary of Practicing Clinical Counseling as a General Partnership

The primary benefit of a California General Partnership for licensed professional clinical counselors is its simplicity. There are few legal formalities to establish a California General Partnership and tax reporting is equally straightforward. However, a California General Partnership is not a separate legal entity, which means that licensed professional clinical counselor partners are jointly and severally liable for all debts, liabilities, obligations, and legal judgments (including malpractice liability) and the lack of a separate legal entity also means there is no distinction between personal and professional business assets for licensed professional clinical counselor partners, meaning the debts, liabilities, and legal judgments for which licensed professional clinical counselor partners are liable are satisfied from the personal assets of those licensed professional clinical counselor partners.

Summary of Practicing with a California Professional Corporation

While slightly more complex than California General Partnerships, the complexity of a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation may be reduced by working with the experienced corporate attorneys at San Diego Corporate Law. As a separate legal entity, California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporations significantly reduce liability risks and are more tax efficient for most licensed professional clinical counselors. For licensed professional clinical counselors in high-liability practices, this reduction in risk can be substantial. The separate legal entity status of California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporations also means there is a distinction between personal and professional business assets for the licensed professional clinical counselor, meaning the debts, liabilities, and legal judgments against the clinical counseling practice are not generally satisfied from the personal assets of the licensed professional clinical counselor owners, and owners are not personally liable for acts of malpractice by their co-owners, but they do remain personally liable for their own acts of malpractice.

Choosing Between a California General Partnership and a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation

For most licensed professional clinical counselors, the California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation is the right choice because the tax benefits coupled with limited liability protection and ability to separate personal assets from professional business assets far outweighs the increased administrative complexity compared to practicing clinical counseling as a California General Partnership.

Contact San Diego Corporate Law for Assistance Selecting and Forming the Best Business Structure for Your Clinical Counseling Practice

Take the next step toward securing the ideal business structure for your clinical counseling practice, whether that is a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation or another business structure. Contact the experienced corporate attorneys at San Diego Corporate Law today to schedule a consultation and receive personalized, expert guidance tailored to your needs. Our team is here to help you make informed decisions with confidence.

Practicing Clinical Counseling as a California General Partnership

Practicing clinical counseling as a California General Partnership is the simplest and most straightforward business structure for two or more licensed professional clinical counselors practicing together in California. A California General Partnership requires minimal paperwork to set up compared to other business entity options and offers flexibility in managing the clinical counseling practice. However, along with these advantages come distinct disadvantages that licensed professional clinical counselors must consider carefully before considering a California General Partnership as the business structure for their clinical counseling practice.

Administrative Requirements of Practicing Clinical Counseling as a California General Partnership

One of the primary benefits of a California General Partnership for practicing clinical counseling is the simplicity of establishing a California General Partnership and the continued simplicity of operating as a California General Partnership.

California General Partnerships require minimal effort to establish, but there are legal formalities involved. Typically, the initial steps of setting up a California General Partnership include optionally filing a Certificate of Partnership with the California Secretary of State, entering into a Partnership Agreement between all partners, obtaining a local business license to operate legally in the municipal jurisdiction in which the practice will operate and, if applicable, registering a fictitious business name (often referred to as a d/b/a).

Taxation of California General Partnerships for the Practice of Clinical Counseling

Tax considerations are a critical aspect to be examined when planning to practice clinical counseling as a California General Partnership. California General Partnerships file informational tax returns and partners are subject to business income taxation, self-employment taxation, and additional Medicare taxes. Understanding how these taxes apply to clinical counseling practices is essential for licensed professional clinical counselors when choosing a business structure in which to operate their clinical counseling practice.

Business Income Taxation When Practicing Clinical Counseling as a California General Partnership

California General Partnerships report their business income and expenses on informational tax returns, namely IRS Form 1065 and California Franchise Tax Board Form 565, however a California General Partnership does not pay California or federal income tax on its own net profit. Instead, each partner receives a Schedule K-1 from the IRS Form 1065 tax return reporting their distributive share of profits and losses of the California General Partnership, and each partner in turn reports this on their personal income tax return using Internal Revenue Service Form 1040 and California Franchise Tax Board Form 540 to pay taxes on the net income of the California General Partnership on their personal income tax return at their household personal income tax rate.

Self-Employment Tax When Practicing Clinical Counseling as a California General Partnership

Taxation of the partners of a California General Partnership is not tax efficient. One significant consideration for licensed professional clinical counselor partners of a California General Partnership is self-employment tax. Since partners of a California General Partnership do not receive a salary from their clinical counseling practice, they are responsible for paying self-employment taxes to cover Social Security and Medicare contributions. This self-employment tax is reported on Schedule SE, with the current rate at the time of this writing totaling 15.3% of net profit in addition to federal and state income taxes. However, a partner of a California General Partnership can deduct half of the self-employment tax paid as an adjustment on their personal tax return, which provides some financial relief.

Additional Medicare Tax When Practicing Clinical Counseling as a California General Partnership

High earning licensed professional clinical counselor partners of California General Partnerships may also be subject to the Additional Medicare Tax. This tax applies to individuals whose income exceeds certain thresholds, which are determined based on filing status. For licensed professional clinical counselor partners of a California General Partnership filing as single, the threshold is $200,000, while it is $250,000 for licensed professional clinical counselor partners filing a joint tax return with a spouse. The Additional Medicare Tax rate is 0.9% and applies only to the earnings above the specified threshold. Partners of California General Partnerships must calculate and report this tax on Form 8959, ensuring compliance with Internal Revenue Service requirements. It is important for high earning licensed professional clinical counselors to account for this additional tax in their financial planning to avoid unexpected liabilities.

Conclusions About Taxation of Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Partners of California General Partnerships

Understanding the tax implications of a California General Partnership is integral when deciding which of the available business entities will be the most tax efficient, and understanding self-employment and the Additional Medicare Tax liabilities is the first step in planning and efficiently managing future tax liabilities.

Personal Liability Protection and Personal Asset Protection When Practicing Clinical Counseling as a California General Partnership

Practicing clinical counseling as a California General Partnership also comes with challenges regarding personal liability protection and asset protection for partners because a California General Partnership is not a separate legal entity, and thus does not offer a legal distinction between the licensed professional clinical counselors and the clinical counseling practice.

Personal Liability for Licensed Professional Clinical Counselors When Practicing Clinical Counseling as California General Partnerships

One of the primary risks faced by licensed professional clinical counselor partners of a California General Partnership is personal liability. The lack of distinction between the licensed professional clinical counselor partners and the clinical counseling California General Partnership professional practice means that each of the licensed professional clinical counselor partners are jointly and severally personally liable for all debts, liabilities, obligations, and legal judgments incurred by the clinical counseling practice personally, including claims for professional negligence, better known as malpractice, for errors and omissions.

Personal Asset Protection for Licensed Professional Clinical Counselors When Practicing Clinical Counseling as California General Partnerships

The lack of distinction between the licensed professional clinical counselor and the clinical counseling practice that makes personal liability a primary risk to licensed professional clinical counselor partners of a California General Partnership also means that all assets of the licensed professional clinical counselor partners, be they strictly personal assets or assets used in the clinical counseling practice, are subject to claims by creditors and legal claimants against the personal assets of the licensed professional clinical counselors (such as homes, bank accounts, investments, and other property).

Conclusions About Personal Liability and Asset Protection for Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Partners of California General Partnerships

The exposure to personal liability for debts, liabilities, obligations, and legal judgments (including those for professional negligence) coupled with the inability to separate personal assets from professional business assets underscores the importance for licensed professional clinical counselors choosing a business structure for their clinical counseling practice to understand liability risks and take proactive measures to safeguard their personal wealth and future earnings from such claims.

Conclusions About Practicing Clinical Counseling as a California General Partnership

When deciding whether to establish a group clinical counseling practice as a California General Partnership, it is essential to weigh the benefits and drawbacks of this business structure. While California General Partnerships offer some simplicity to licensed professional clinical counselor partners, California General Partnerships come with significant risks and limitations. The advantages and disadvantages of operating a California General Partnership are compared below together with a recommendation for when a California General Partnership is the best legal structure for practicing clinical counseling.

Advantages of California General Partnerships for Licensed Professional Clinical Counselors

The primary benefit of a California General Partnership is its simplicity. There are relatively few legal formalities to establish a California General Partnership for a group clinical counseling practice.

Disadvantages of California General Partnerships for Licensed Professional Clinical Counselors

While California General Partnerships are simple to establish, they carry significant risks and are not tax efficient for most licensed professional clinical counselors.

A California General Partnership is not a separate legal entity, which means that licensed professional clinical counselor partners are personally liable for all debts, liabilities, obligations, and legal judgments (including malpractice liability). For licensed professional clinical counselors in high liability clinical counseling practices, this risk can be substantial.

The lack of a separate legal entity also means there is no distinction between personal and professional business assets for licensed professional clinical counselor partners, meaning the debts, liabilities, and legal judgments for which an individual licensed professional clinical counselor partner of a California General Partnership is liable are satisfied from the personal assets of that licensed professional clinical counselor partner.

When is a California General Partnership the Right Business Structure for Practicing Clinical Counseling?

A California General Partnership can be an ideal option for two or more licensed professional clinical counselors joining together to organize a small-scale clinical counseling practice with the expectation of low net profit and low liability risks. However, before choosing to practice clinical counseling as a California General Partnership, it is essential for the licensed professional clinical counselor partners to weigh the benefits of simplicity against the risks of personal liability and the future growth of the clinical counseling practice. Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor partners in high-risk practice areas or those who anticipate rapid growth may want to avoid practicing clinical counseling as a California General Partnership in favor of a business entity that is more tax efficient and provides limited liability protection together with the separation of personal assets from professional business assets.

For a more detailed understanding of the differences between California General Partnerships and California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporations and when a California General Partnership is the best choice of business structure for a professional practice, see “When Not to Use a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation” and “What are the Disadvantages of General Partnerships in California?” for more information.

Practicing Clinical Counseling with a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation

Practicing clinical counseling with a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation is not as simple or straightforward as practicing clinical counseling as a California General Partnership, however, a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation provides the tax efficiency, limited liability protection, and separation of personal assets of the licensed professional clinical counselor from the professional business assets of the clinical counseling practice that California General Partnerships lack.

Administrative Requirements of Practicing Clinical Counseling with a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation

In order to enjoy the tax efficiency, limited liability protection, and separation of personal assets a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation provides, licensed professional clinical counselors are faced with the complexity of establishing a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation. While this formation process is complex, licensed professional clinical counselors may rely upon the experienced corporate attorneys at San Diego Corporate Law to draft and file all the required legal documents for the California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation, leaving licensed professional clinical counselors with essentially the same tasks they would undertake to establish a California General Partnership. It is also worth noting that legal fees and costs of forming a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation are usually qualified business expenses that are tax deductible.

In addition to the initial formation of a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation, and every year after the initial formation of a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation, a Statement of Information must be filed with the California Secretary of State and a shareholder and board of directors meeting must be held. Just as with the formation of a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation, the experienced attorneys at San Diego Corporate Law can assist in the annual requirements of practicing clinical counseling with a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation.

Despite the additional administrative requirements of practicing clinical counseling with a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation compared to practicing clinical counseling as a California General Partnership, the right corporate attorney can make the difference in requirements comparable.

For a more detailed understanding of the administrative requirements for forming and maintaining a California Corporation, see “The 7 Steps for Forming a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation” for more information.

Taxation of California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporations

As with licensed professional clinical counselor California General Partnerships, tax considerations are a critical aspect to be examined when planning to practice clinical counseling with a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation. While licensed professional clinical counselors practicing clinical counseling with a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation are subject to business income taxation, payroll taxes for wages, and franchise taxes paid to the California Franchise Tax Board, licensed professional clinical counselors practicing clinical counseling with a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation are not subject to self-employment taxation or additional Medicare taxes. Understanding how these taxes apply to clinical counseling practices is essential for licensed professional clinical counselors choosing a business structure in which to operate their clinical counseling practices.

Business Income Taxation When Practicing Clinical Counseling with a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation

A California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation is by default taxed as a personal service corporation (sometimes referred to as a professional service corporation), which is essentially a C Corporation (commonly referred to as a C-Corp) wherein corporate taxes applied to corporate profits are taxed directly at the federal and state levels at the corporate income tax rate, and any distributed dividends are subject to taxation again at the shareholder level (referred to as “double taxation”). However, a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation may (and almost always should) elect to be treated as an S Corporation (commonly referred to as an S-Corp), which fundamentally changes how income is taxed, so this article will focus on S Corporation taxation of California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporations.

Electing S Corporation status alters the tax treatment by enabling pass-through taxation. This means the profits and losses of the California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation after payment of a reasonable salary to the licensed professional clinical counselor are passed directly to the licensed professional clinical counselor shareholders who report those profits on their personal income tax returns to pay federal income tax and state income tax on the net profit of the California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation to pay income tax of the net profits of the clinical counseling practice.

For more information about the election of S Corporation status for a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation, see “Can a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation Be an S-Corp?” for more information.

Self-Employment Tax When Practicing Clinical Counseling with a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation

Unlike licensed professional clinical counselor California General Partnerships, which require the licensed professional clinical counselor partners to pay self-employment tax on their distributive share of the net profit of the professional practice, the licensed professional clinical counselor-shareholders of a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation are not subject to self-employment taxes.

Instead of self-employment taxes on the entire net profit of the clinical counseling practice, with a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation employee and employer contributions to payroll tax are only paid on the reasonable salary of the licensed professional clinical counselors. While the sum of the employee and employer contributions total 15.3% (the same percentage as self-employment tax), the calculation of the tax is based upon the reasonable salaries of the licensed professional clinical counselors only and not the net profit of the California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation, which may result in significant annual tax savings.

Additional Medicare Tax When Practicing Clinical Counseling with a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation

As discussed above for licensed professional clinical counselor California General Partnerships, the Additional Medicare Tax is an extra 0.9% tax applied to earned income exceeding certain thresholds. However, because the Additional Medicare Tax is only applied to earned income and the net profit of a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation is not deemed to be “earned” income, the Additional Medicare Tax would only be applicable to licensed professional clinical counselors practicing clinical counseling with a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation if the reasonable salary of the licensed professional clinical counselors exceed those thresholds, meaning for all intents and purposes, practicing clinical counseling with a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation does not subject licensed professional clinical counselors to the Additional Medicare Tax.

Annual Franchise Tax for California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporations

California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporations must pay an annual franchise tax California General Partnerships do not pay an annual franchise tax. The franchise tax paid by a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation taxed as an S Corporation is 1.5% of net profit with a minimum of $800 annually. While this is a tax not paid by licensed professional clinical counselor partners of a California General Partnership, but pales in comparison to the self-employment taxes and the Additional Medicare Taxes paid by licensed professional clinical counselor partners in California General Partnerships.

Conclusions About Taxation of California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporations

Understanding the tax benefits of a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation is integral when deciding which of the available business entities for two or more professional to practice together will be the most tax efficient, and understanding self-employment and the Additional Medicare Tax liabilities is the first step in planning and efficiently managing future tax liabilities.

For a more detailed understanding of the taxation of California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporations, see “What Tax Benefits Does a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation Provide?” for more information.

Personal Liability Protection and Personal Asset Protection When Practicing Clinical Counseling with a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation

Practicing clinical counseling with a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation, while more complex than practicing clinical counseling as a California General Partnership, overcomes many of the personal liability protection and asset protection shortcomings of licensed professional clinical counselor California General Partnerships. A California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation is a separate legal entity distinct from the licensed professional clinical counselors, thus offering a legal distinction between the licensed professional clinical counselors and the clinical counseling practice as well as personal and business assets of the licensed professional clinical counselors.

Personal Liability Protection for Licensed Professional Clinical Counselors When Practicing Clinical Counseling with a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation

Practicing clinical counseling with a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation resolves most of the risks faced by licensed professional clinical counselor partners of California General Partnerships for personal liability. California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporations provide a separate legal entity distinct from the licensed professional clinical counselor owners, meaning the licensed professional clinical counselors are generally not personally liable for the debts, liabilities, obligations, and legal judgments incurred by the clinical counseling practice.

Under California law, claims for professional negligence, better known as malpractice, for errors and omissions of licensed professional clinical counselors are personal to those licensed professional clinical counselors committing acts of malpractice and liability is not shielded by the existence of the California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation. California Professional Corporations do shield licensed professional clinical counselors from the malpractice liabilities created by the other licensed professional clinical counselors in their clinical counseling practice; licensed professional clinical counselors are only personally liable for their own acts of malpractice. Malpractice is an insurable risk and appropriately apportioned professional liability insurance may be used to indemnify the licensed professional clinical counselor from this risk of their own acts of malpractice.

Personal Asset Protection for Licensed Professional Clinical Counselors When Practicing Clinical Counseling with a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation

The separate legal entity and distinction between licensed professional clinical counselors and the clinical counseling practice provided by a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation means that, unlike California General Partnerships, a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation separates the personal assets of the licensed professional clinical counselors from professional business assets of the clinical counseling practice. Therefore, claims by creditors and legal claimants against the California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation are generally limited to the professional business assets and separate business bank accounts of the California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation and are not satisfied against the personal assets (such as homes, bank accounts, investments, and other property) of the licensed professional clinical counselors.

Conclusions About Personal Liability and Asset Protection When Practicing Clinical Counseling with a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation

The limitation of personal liability for debts, liabilities, obligations, and legal judgments against a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation coupled with the ability to separate personal assets from professional business assets makes the use of a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation the choice for licensed professional clinical counselors who wish to limit their personal liability and protect their personal wealth and future earnings from most claims arising out of their clinical counseling practice.

For a more detailed understanding of the liability protection and asset protection of California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporations, see “What Liability Protection Does a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation Provide?” for more information.

Conclusions About Practicing Clinical Counseling with a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation

When deciding if practicing clinical counseling as a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation is worth the additional cost and administrative requirements, it is essential to weigh the benefits and drawbacks of this business structure. While California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporations are more complex, California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporations resolve many of the significant risks and limitations inherent to practicing clinical counseling as a California General Partnership. The advantages and disadvantages of operating with a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation are compared below together with a recommendation for when a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation is the best legal structure for practicing clinical counseling in a group clinical counseling practice.

Advantages of California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporations

While practicing clinical counseling as a California General Partnerships is simple to establish, doing so carries significant risks and is not tax efficient for most licensed professional clinical counselors. California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporations significantly reduce liability risks and are more tax efficient for most licensed professional clinical counselors.

A California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation is a separate legal entity, which means the licensed professional clinical counselors are generally shielded from personally liable for debts, liabilities, obligations, and legal judgments (other than the insurable risk of malpractice liability for the errors and omission of each of the licensed professional clinical counselors for their own, individual acts of malpractice). For licensed professional clinical counselors in high liability clinical counseling practices, this reduction in risk can be substantial.

The separate legal entity status also means there is a distinction between personal and professional business assets for licensed professional clinical counselors, meaning the debts, liabilities, and legal judgments against their clinical counseling practice are not generally satisfied from the personal assets of the licensed professional clinical counselors (other than for their own acts of malpractice).

Disadvantages of California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporations

The primary disadvantage of a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation is the relative complexity of formation and operation. However, licensed professional clinical counselors may rely upon the experienced corporate attorneys at San Diego Corporate Law to draft and file all the required legal documents for establishing and maintaining the California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation, leaving these licensed professional clinical counselors with essentially the same tasks they would undertake to establish and maintain a California General Partnership.

When is a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation the Right Business Structure for Practicing Clinical Counseling?

A California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation can be an ideal option for licensed professional clinical counselors starting group clinical counseling practices based upon factors such as tax efficiency, limited liability protection, and separation of personal assets from professional business assets that California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporations provide. Small-scale clinical counseling practices with the expectation of revenue growth can benefit from starting as a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation to avoid the future need to reestablish the clinical counseling practice as revenue grows. Similarly, small-scale clinical counseling practices in high-risk practice areas may benefit from the limited liability protection, separation of personal assets from professional business assets of a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation, and for licensed professional clinical counselors to avoid malpractice liability for the errors and omissions of the other licensed professional clinical counselors in their group clinical counseling practice regardless of revenue or profitability.

For a more detailed understanding of the differences between licensed professional clinical counselor California General Partnerships and California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporations, and when a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation is the best choice of business structure for a professional practice, see “When to Use a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation” for more information.

Licensed Professional Clinical Counselors in California May Not Practice Clinical Counseling as a Limited Liability Company (LLC) or Professional Limited Liability Company (PLLC)

A The experienced corporate attorneys at San Diego Corporate Law are frequently asked about limited liability companies and professional limited liability companies, so this will be briefly discussed here.

California law does not allow licensed professional clinical counselors to form Limited Liability Companies (LLCs) or Professional Limited Liability Companies (PLLCs) for private practice. This prohibition may be found in California Corporations Code Section 17701.04(e), which reads:

“Nothing in this title shall be construed to permit a domestic or foreign limited liability company to render professional services, as defined in subdivision (a) of Section 13401 and in Section 13401.3, in this state.”

This restriction applies to all licensed professionals for which a California Professional Corporation may be formed. Instead, California requires licensed professional clinical counselors who wish to operate in corporate form to utilize other types of business entities, such as California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporations.

For a more detailed understanding of the prohibition on the use of LLCs for clinical counseling practices in California, see “Can a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Practice Using a California LLC?” and “Can I Use a PLLC to Practice as a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in California?” and for more information.

If an LLC or PLLC is currently being used for a group clinical counseling practice in California, see “10 Steps to Convert LLC to Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation in California” and “Four Reasons Not to Convert LLC to Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation in California” or “12 Steps to Convert a PLLC to a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation” and “Four Reasons Not to Convert Foreign LLC or PLLC to a California Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor Corporation” for more information about bringing the professional practice into compliance with California law.